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煤和生物质共气化过程反应协同行为的研究进展

齐健淄 姚金刚 陈冠益 易维明 颜蓓蓓 程占军 姚燕 刘静 刘孝阳 毕晨杰

齐健淄, 姚金刚, 陈冠益, 易维明, 颜蓓蓓, 程占军, 姚燕, 刘静, 刘孝阳, 毕晨杰. 煤和生物质共气化过程反应协同行为的研究进展[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2023, 51(8): 1060-1072. doi: 10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023007
引用本文: 齐健淄, 姚金刚, 陈冠益, 易维明, 颜蓓蓓, 程占军, 姚燕, 刘静, 刘孝阳, 毕晨杰. 煤和生物质共气化过程反应协同行为的研究进展[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2023, 51(8): 1060-1072. doi: 10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023007
QI Jian-zi, YAO Jin-gang, CHEN Guan-yi, YI Wei-ming, YAN Bei-bei, CHENG Zhan-jun, YAO Yan, LIU Jing, LIU Xiao-yang, BI Chen-jie. Investigation progress on the synergy between coal and biomass during co-gasification[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2023, 51(8): 1060-1072. doi: 10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023007
Citation: QI Jian-zi, YAO Jin-gang, CHEN Guan-yi, YI Wei-ming, YAN Bei-bei, CHENG Zhan-jun, YAO Yan, LIU Jing, LIU Xiao-yang, BI Chen-jie. Investigation progress on the synergy between coal and biomass during co-gasification[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2023, 51(8): 1060-1072. doi: 10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023007

煤和生物质共气化过程反应协同行为的研究进展

doi: 10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023007
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52006129,51906129),山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE205),广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室(E039kf0701,E239kf0401)和潍坊市科技发展计划项目(2020GX107)资助
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    Tel:15695431959,E-mail: yaojingang@sdut.edu.cn

    liujing@sdut.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TQ536.9

Investigation progress on the synergy between coal and biomass during co-gasification

Funds: The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52006129, 51906129), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2020QE205) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development (E039kf0701, E239kf0401), Weifang Science and Technology Development Plan Project (2020GX107)
  • 摘要: 煤与生物质共气化作为实现这两种含碳资源高效清洁利用的重要技术路径,对于实现“碳中和”、“碳达峰”有着积极促进的作用。共气化不仅有助于克服煤单独气化衍生的系列问题,减少SOx、NOx等有害物质的排放,提高煤反应活性,也有利于克服生物质单独气化存在的能量密度低、气化效率差、焦油产率高等问题。基于此,文章从共气化过程的影响因素、协同反应机制等方面出发,总结了原料类型及预处理方法、工艺参数和气化炉类型对共气化过程的影响,阐述了共气化过程中的催化协同机理,简要概述了共气化过程中非催化因素的协同机理,讨论了研究共气化过程的新方法。文章对煤与生物质共气化研究近年重点关注的方向进行了梳理,对借助现代原位表征技术构建完整协同反应路径、结合密度泛函理论计算及理论建模解析共气化过程多反应耦合作用机制做出了展望。
  • FIG. 2572.  FIG. 2572.

    FIG. 2572.  FIG. 2572.

    图  1  煤与生物质的共气化过程

    Figure  1  Co-gasification process of coal and biomass

    图  2  固定床气化炉示意图[29]

    Figure  2  Fixed bed gasifier schematization[29] (with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry)

    图  3  流化床气化炉示意图[30]

    Figure  3  Fluidized bed gasifier schematization[30] (with permission from Elsevier)

    图  4  固定床反应器系统示意图[19]

    Figure  4  Schematic diagram of the fixed bed reactor system[19]

    (a): Newly designed quartz boat (DQB); (b): Normal quartz boat (NQB); (c): Fixed bed reactor system (with permission from Elsevier)

    图  5  共气化过程碱金属的析出规律[67]

    Figure  5  Precipitation pattern of alkali metals during co-gasification[67]

    图  6  煤与生物质共气化过程中生物质K元素的迁移[63]

    Figure  6  Material flow of the biomass-K migration during co-gasification of coal and biomass[63] (with permission from Elsevier)

    图  7  钾离子催化CO2气化机理示意图[74]

    Figure  7  Simplified scheme of the potassium-catalyzed CO2 gasification mechanism[74] (with permission from American Chemical Society)

    图  8  化学链气化工艺示意图

    Figure  8  Schematic diagram of chemical chain gasification process

    表  1  气化反应器的特性与性能

    Table  1  Characteristics and performance of gasification reactors

    Gasifier typeOperation conditionsMaterial typeGasification agent typeTemp. /℃Cold gas efficiency [a]/%Carbon conversion rate[b]/%Tar content /
    (g·m−3
    Ref.
    Updraft fixed
    bed gasifier
    material
    mixing ratio 7∶3
    palm kernel shell; bituminous coal air 800−900 45 46 [32]
    Downdraft fixed bed gasifier material
    mixing ratio 85∶15
    wood; indian coal air; steam 1000 65 94 [33]
    fluidized bed gasifier lignite; wood; plastic air; steam 850 <50 48 (ER= 0.2),
    21 (ER = 0.3)
    [34]
    Dual fluidized bed gasifier material
    mixing ratio 1∶1
    coal; wood steam 900 60 80 2.9 [35]
    [a] Ratio of the chemical energy of gasification to produce gas to the chemical energy of the feedstock used for gasification;[b] Carbon in feedstock generation gas as a percentage of carbon in feedstock
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  协同效应的量化指标

    Table  2  Quantitative indicators of synergy effects

    ReferenceExpressionParameter interpretation
    Wei et al.[49]$ {D}\left({{R}}_{0.5}\right)=\dfrac{{{R}}_{0.5,\mathrm{e}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{p}}-{{R}}_{0.5,\mathrm{c}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}}}{{R}_{0.5,{\rm{cal}}}}\times 100\mathrm{\%} $${{R} }_{0.5,\mathrm{e}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{p} }$ and $ {{R}}_{0.5,\mathrm{c}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}} $ are the overall gasification reactivity of the mixture material experimentally and theoretically calculated, and denote the calculated and experimental times required for co-gasification conversion at a gasification conversion rate of X
    Chen et al.[50]$ {{A}}_{\mathrm{X},\mathrm{T}}=\dfrac{{t}_{X,T,{\rm{cal}}}}{{t}_{X,T,{\rm{exp}}}} $$ {t}_{X,T,{\rm{cal}}} $ and $ {t}_{X,T,{\rm{exp}}} $ denote the calculated and experimental time required for
    co-gasification conversion at gasification conversion of X
    Wei et al.[51]$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}=\dfrac{{R}_{0.9,{\rm{exp}}}}{{R}_{0.9,{\rm{cal}}}} $$ {R}_{0.9,{\rm{exp}}} $ and $ {R}_{0.9,{\rm{cal}}} $ are the experimental and theoretically calculated overall gasification reactions of pyrolytic mixed coke alone
    Jeong et al.[52]$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}={{k}}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{p}}-{{k}}_{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}} $$ {{k}}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{p}} $ and $ {{k}}_{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}} $ are the initial gasification reaction rates of co-pyrolysis coke and the theoretically calculated initial gasification reaction rates of individually pyrolyzed mixed coke
    Wang et al.[53]$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}=\dfrac{{X}_{{\rm{exp}}}}{{X}_{{\rm{cal}}}} $$ {X}_{{\rm{exp}}} $ and $ {X}_{{\rm{cal}}} $ are the experimental and theoretical calculated conversions for the same gasification time of pyrolysis mixed coke alone
    He et al.[54]$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}=\dfrac{{t}_{X,{\rm{pre}}}}{{t}_{X,{\rm{exp}}}} $$ {t}_{X,{\rm{pre}}} $ and $ {t}_{X,{\rm{exp}}} $ are the time required for theoretical calculation and co-pyrolysis coke conversion at X for separate pyrolysis mixture conversion and X for co-pyrolysis coke conversion
    Zhang et al.[55]$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}=\dfrac{{{t}_{{\rm{se}}}}^{X=0.95}}{{{t}_{{\rm{bl}}}}^{X=0.95}} $$ {{t}_{{\rm{se}}}}^{X=0.95} $ and $ {{t}_{{\rm{bl}}}}^{X=0.95} $ are the time required when the gasification
    conversion of separated coke and co-pyrolysis coke is 0.95
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同原料的灰分组成

    Table  3  Analysis of ash composition of different raw materials

    Raw materialContent w/%
    K2ONa2OMgOCaOFe2O3TiO2Al2O3SiO2P2O5SO3
    Peanut shell14.801.704.306.803.100.608.6048.605.503.60
    Rice straw17.810.962.337.680.840.040.9151.992.496.50
    Corn straw25.140.683.556.480.590.031.7540.975.813.74
    Wood chip7.7612.845.5624.894.570.586.5016.472.427.64
    Lignite coal1.711.041.444.332.670.5014.7365.790.976.67
    Subbituminous coal0.802.601.305.602.800.5023.6057.600.102.30
    Bituminous coal1.520.740.943.563.661.0128.7257.30.192.32
    Meagre coal1.562.970.884.073.221.8228.4453.990.974.33
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  原料中的K含量[63, 64]

    Table  4  K content in raw materials[63, 64]

    Raw materialMass
    fraction of
    K /%
    Mass fraction of K in
    different compounds /%
    H2O solubleNH4Ac solubleacid solubleinsoluble matter
    Wood0.36994.004.500.401.00
    Straw0.23892.803.202.002.00
    Rice stalk93.702.900.602.80
    Lignite coal0.02846.5012.9012.9027.70
    Anthracite6.726.558.0478.69
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-11-03
  • 修回日期:  2022-12-03
  • 录用日期:  2022-12-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-01-18
  • 刊出日期:  2023-08-01

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