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摘要: 分别以苯和硝基苯为溶剂测定了大庆、胜利、孤岛和辽河减压渣油沥青质、胶质和芳香分的分子量；依据球形分子模型计算了这些物质的分子尺寸；构筑了渣油中沥青质胶粒（胶团）模型，并依此计算了渣油中沥青质胶粒尺寸。结果表明，以硝基苯为溶剂所测沥青质分子量更能反应沥青质化学结构的实质；就原始沥青质来说，以苯为溶剂测得的沥青质分子直径为3.8 nm～5.0 nm,以氯代苯为溶剂测得的分子直径为3.2 nm～3.7 nm,以硝基苯为溶剂测得的分子直径为2.8 nm～3.2 nm；辽河、胜利与大庆减压渣油中沥青质的胶粒直径为10.0 nm～11.0 nm，孤岛减压渣油中沥青质的胶粒直径为9.0 nm～10.0 nm。Abstract: The molecular weights of asphaltene, resins and aromatics in Daqing, Shengli, Gudao and Liaohe vacuum residua were determined using benzene, chlorobenzene and nitrobenze as solvents, respectively. The molecular sizes of these sub-fractions were calculated according to a spherical molecular model, and the micellar particle model for asphaltene in vacuum residua was built. It is shown that primary asphaltene molecule size is about 3.8 nm～5.0 nm, 3.2 nm～3.7 nm and 2.8 nm～3.2 nm respectively in benzene, chlorobenzene and nitrobenzene solvents. The micellar sizes of asphaltene are about 10.0 nm～11.0 nm in Daqing, Shengli and Liaohe vacuum residua, and about 9.0 nm～10.0 nm in Gudao vacuum residuum.
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Key words:
- asphaltene /
- molecular size /
- micellar particle size /
- vacuum residue
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