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摘要: 采用管式炉和模拟垃圾对垃圾中氯化物对重金属Pb迁移转化特性的影响进行了研究，使用ICP-AES(美国EPA消解方法)、SEM、EDS和XRD等对重金属浓度、灰渣表面形貌、成分和灰渣X射线衍射物相等进行了分析。结果表明，氯化物含量的增加使得Pb生成更多易挥发性物质，从而向飞灰迁移分布，但有机氯PVC的影响比无机氯NaCl的大。无机氯NaCl和有机氯PVC对焚烧中Pb迁移转化作用机理不同，NaCl易与Pb反应生成PbCl2，而PVC与Pb反应除了生成PbCl2外，还生成了Pb(ClO4)2、PbCl2O4和PbO2。同时焚烧温度和停留时间也是焚烧中Pb迁移分布的两个主要影响因素。Abstract: The effects of chlorides (including inorganic chloride NaCl and organic chloride PVC) on Pb emission during MSW incineration were investigated using a tubular furnace and a simulated MSW containing heavy metals. The concentrations of heavy metals were measured by ICPAES after digesting of samples including bottom ash, fly ash and flue gas according to related US EPA methods. Heavy metal species in bottom ash and fly ash were identified by X-ray diffraction technique. The spectra of elements distributed and micrographs of bottom ash and fly ash were detected by energy dispersive X-ray system and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results indicate that the emission of Pb tends to be enhanced with the increasing of chloride content, so partitioned in fly ash. The effect mechanism of inorganic chloride NaCl and inorganic chloride PVC on Pb emission is different. NaCl tends to form PbCl2 with Pb. For PVC, besides the resultant PbCl2, PVC tends to form Pb(ClO4)2, PbCl2O4 and PbO2 with Pb. Incineration temperature and residence time are two major factors influencing the partitioning of Pb.
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Key words:
- MSW incineration /
- heavy metal /
- chloride /
- partitioning /
- speciation
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