Pyrolysis and low temperature catalytic gasification of manure
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摘要: 利用TG及小型固定床反应器对不同来源的三种低品质生物质——禽畜粪便样品的热解特性及其低温催化气化过程进行了研究。结果表明,各种粪便的主要热解温度为473K~823K。猪粪与禽粪中的有机组分及矿物质组分性质的不同,导致了它们的热解行为存在着较大的差异。在其主要热解区间内,猪粪的热解经历两个明显的失重过程,表明猪粪中的有机成分包括半纤维素、纤维素和木质素。鸡粪中的主要有机组分为纤维素,导致其有一个明显的热解失重过程。鸡粪中含有大量的CaCO3,在热解过程中受热分解以CaO的形式存在于鸡粪半焦中。禽畜粪便的低温催化气化过程可以将热解焦油全部转化为小分子气相产物和碳,气相产物中有效组分(H2和CO)产率明显增加。每克猪粪(daf.)低温催化气化过程氢的产量为960mL,鸡粪的氢气产率为680mL/(g鸡粪(daf.))。Abstract: Pyrolysis properties of three manure samples were investigated using TGA and XRD. H2 was produced from them by low temperature catalytic gasification process using a two-stage fixed-bed reactor. The drastic increases in the pyrolysis conversion of the manure samples was observed in 473K~823K. During the main pyrolysis stage, pig manure samples experienced two distinct weight-loss stages and only one peak was observed in the DTG curve of hen manure sample. The difference between their pyrolysis behaviors may be due to the difference in the organic materials. XRD results show that hen manure includes lots of Ca species in the form of CaCO3 which is converted into CaO during pyrolysis. Ni/Al2O3 catalyst promotes the tar cracking into little molecules and the volatile matters are converted into H2, CO, CH4, CO2 and carbon completely. High yields of H2 and CO are obtained in low temperature catalytic gasification. These results provide a theoretical foundation on the development of low temperature gasification process for manure management.
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Key words:
- livestock manure /
- low temperature gasification /
- pyrolysis /
- hydrogen
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