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摘要: 通过热裂解制得椰壳炭，表征了其结构和组成，并将其用于电解质为钇稳定化氧化锆（YSZ）、电极材料为银和钆掺杂氧化铈（Ag-GDC）的固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的燃料，对所构成的直接炭固体氧化物燃料电池（DC-SOFC）的性能进行了测试研究。结果表明，所制得的椰壳炭颗粒粒径在微米级别，具有介孔结构，而且椰壳炭中含有K、Ca等元素，可用作Boudouard反应催化剂。当使用椰壳炭作为DC-SOFC燃料时，在800 ℃下电池最大功率密度为255 mW/cm2；负载Fe催化剂后，最大功率密度提升为274 mW/cm2。以0.5 A/cm2的恒电流放电，0.5 g负载Fe椰壳炭燃料电池能够连续工作17.6 h，燃料利用率为39%，表明椰壳炭作为DC-SOFC燃料具有优异的性能和潜力。
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关键词:
- 直接炭固体氧化物燃料电池 /
- 生物质炭 /
- 椰壳炭
Abstract: Coconut char is prepared by pyrolysis and used as the fuel for the direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFCs), which are composed of yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte and silver and gadolinium-doped ceria (Ag-GDC) cermet electrodes. The microstructure and composition of coconut char are characterized and the performances of DC-SOFCs with coconut char as fuel was investigated. The results show that the as-prepared coconut biochar has a mesoporous structure and a particle size of several microns; moreover, it contains K and Ca elements, favorable for the Boudouard reaction. A peak power density of 255 mW/cm2 is observed for the DC-SOFC operated at 800 ℃ with coconut char as fuel; it increases to 274 mW/cm2 when the char is loaded with Fe as a promoter to improve the reverse Boudouard reaction. The discharging time of the cell with 0.5 g Fe-loaded coconut char operated at a constant current density of 0.5 A/cm2 lasts for 17.6 h, representing a fuel conversion of 39%, demonstrating the feasibility and superiority of coconut char as a fuel for DC-SOFCs.-
Key words:
- direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell /
- biochar /
- coconut char
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图 2 不同放大倍数下椰壳炭的SEM照片
Figure 2 SEM images of the coconut char with different magnifications
(a): 600×; (b): 5000×; (c): 50000×; (d): EDS analysis
图 3 椰壳炭的(a)XRD谱图和(b) Raman谱图
Figure 3 XRD patterns (a) and Raman spectra (b) of the coconut char curves a and b are for the Fe-loaded coconut char and pure coconut char, respectively
图 5 不同温度下以H2为燃料的SOFC (a)性能输出曲线和(b)阻抗谱图
Figure 5 Output performances (a) and impedance spectra (b) of the SOFC operated with humidified H2 as fuel and ambient air as oxidant at different temperatures
图 6 以纯活性炭、椰壳炭和负载Fe的活性炭和椰壳炭为燃料的DC-SOFC在800 ℃时的性能输出曲线(a)和阻抗谱图(b)
Figure 6 Output performances (a) and impedance spectra (b) of the DC-SOFCs operated with different fuels at 800 ℃
图 7 分别以0.5 g纯活性炭、纯椰壳炭和负载Fe的活性炭和椰壳炭为燃料，DC-SOFC在800 ℃下以0.5 A/cm2的恒电流放电的放电曲线
Figure 7 Voltage vs. time curves of DC-SOFCs operated with pure and Fe-loaded active carbon and coconut char as fuel, measured at a constant current of 0.5 A/cm2 at 800 ℃
图 8 放大倍数为5000倍下，负载Fe椰壳炭放电测试前(a)后(b)的SEM照片和负载Fe活性炭放电测试前(c)后(d)的SEM照片
Figure 8 With a magnification of 5000×, the SEM images of the Fe-loaded coconut char before (a) and after (b) discharging test, and the SEM images of the Fe-loaded active carbon before (c) and after (d) discharging test
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