Synthesis of Fe3O4/RGO composites and their electrochemical performance
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摘要: 以改进Hummers法合成的氧化石墨烯（GO）为前驱体，通过水热法结合烧结工艺制备了四氧化三铁/还原氧化石墨烯（Fe3O4/RGO）复合材料。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼光谱（Raman）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）等手段对复合材料的理化性能进行表征；通过充放电测试、循环伏安（CV）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）等技术，综合考察了材料的储锂性能及电化学性能增强机制。结果表明，在200和600 mA/g电流密度下，Fe3O4/RGO复合负极循环60次后的放电比容量分别保持在709和479 mAh/g，表现出良好的倍率性能；相较于纯Fe3O4负极，复合负极呈现出更优异的锂电性能，其电化学性能的改善得益于RGO能增强材料的电导性和结构稳定性。Abstract: With reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as the precursor, Fe3O4/RGO composites were synthesized via a hydrothermal method combined with annealing treatment; the crystalline phase, microstructure and component of Fe3O4/RGO composites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and Raman spectra. As a new type of lithium battery electrode materials, their electrochemical performance and the corresponding performance enhanced mechanism were investigated by the CV and EIS tests. The results indicate that high loading Fe3O4/RGO anodes after charge-discharge 60 cycles show high reversible capacities of 709 mAh/g at 200 mA/g and 479 mAh/g at 600 mA/g, with a very good rate performance. Compared with the Fe3O4 electrodes, Fe3O4/RGO electrodes exhibit better electrochemical performance, which is associated with a synergy between the stable RGO matrix and its good conductivity; such a nano-sized configuration may not only facilitate the electron conduction but also help to maintain the structural integrity of active materials.
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图 1 GO (a)、RGO (b)、纯Fe3O4(c)、Fe3O4/RGO复合材料 (d) 的XRD谱图以及Fe3O4/RGO复合材料 (e) 的TGA曲线
Figure 1 XRD patterns of GO (a), RGO (b), pure Fe3O4 (c) and Fe3O4/RGO composite (d) as well as TGA curves of the Fe3O4/RGO composite (e)
图 3 RGO (a)、(b) 及Fe3O4/RGO复合物 (c)、(d) 的扫描电镜照片
Figure 3 SEM images of RGO (a), (b) and Fe3O4/RGO composite (c), (d)
图 4 Fe3O4/RGO复合物的TEM ((a)、(b))、HR-TEM (c) 及对应的SAED (d) 照片
Figure 4 TEM images ((a), (b)), HR-TEM images (c) and the corresponding SAED patterns (d) of the Fe3O4/RGO composites
图 5 RGO的循环伏安曲线 (a) 及其充放电曲线 (b)
Figure 5 Cyclic voltammetry curves (a) and discharge/charge curves (b) of the RGO electrodes
图 6 Fe3O4和Fe3O4/RGO的循环伏安曲线及其对应的充放电曲线
Figure 6 Cyclic voltammetry curves and discharge/charge profiles of the Fe3O4 (a), (b) and Fe3O4/RGO electrodes (c), (d)
图 7 RGO、纯Fe3O4以及Fe3O4/RGO电极的循环测试
Figure 7 Discharge/charge cycling performance of RGO, pure Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/RGO electrodes
(a): at a current density of 200 mA/g; (b): at a current density of 600 mA/g
图 8 RGO、纯Fe3O4以及Fe3O4/RGO电极的倍率性能测试
Figure 8 Rate performance of RGO, pure Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/RGO electrodes
图 9 Fe3O4和Fe3O4/RGO电极在长循环后的交流阻抗图谱及对应的等效电路示意图
Figure 9 EIS and equivalent circuit of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/RGO electrodes after long cycling
表 1 Fe3O4和Fe3O4/RGO电极在长循环后的交流阻抗图谱对应的电路参数数值
Table 1 Parameters of an equivalent circuit of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/RGO electrodes after long cycling.
Re /Ω Rsf/Ω Rct/Ω DLi+ /(cm2·S-1) Fe3O4 17.65 272.4 456.02 5.18×10-8 Fe3O4/RGO 15.21 123.4 254.58 1.03×10-7 
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