低温共熔物对煤灰熔融温度影响的研究

程相龙; 王永刚; 张荣; 毕继诚

低温共熔物对煤灰熔融温度影响的研究

1.
中国矿业大学(北京) 化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室, 山西太原 030001

基金项目:

“十二五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目 2012BAA04B02

详细信息

通讯作者:
王永刚, Tel: 010-62339882, E-mail: wyg1960@126.com

中图分类号: TQ533
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- 文章访问数: 124
- HTML全文浏览量: 55
- PDF下载量: 8
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-03-24
- 修回日期: 2016-06-03
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-23
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-10

Effect of low temperature eutectics on coal ash fusion temperatures

1.
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China

Funds:

the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Science and Technology Support 2012BAA04B02

摘要

摘要: 以中国中西部地区59个典型煤样为研究对象，研究了熔融温度与煤灰中常见低温共熔物和除低温共熔物以外的化学组分的关系，分析了软化温度高于等于1 500℃时煤灰的化学组成。提出将低温共熔物等引入回归分析中，合理对煤灰化学组分进行分组，拟合得到了预测煤灰熔融温度的计算式，计算式兼顾了矿物组成和化学组成对熔融温度的影响，对108种煤样进行预测，90%预测值误差小于5%，在1 300-1 400℃，预测值误差小于2.4%。同时，提出了判断煤灰软化温度不低于1 500℃的充分必要条件：0.9≤SiO₂/A1₂O₃≤1.8且SiO₂+A1₂O₃≥78%，167种煤样中154种煤样可以用该判据进行准确判断，准确性为92.2%。
- 低温共熔 /
- 熔融温度 /
- 化学组成 /
- 矿物组成
Abstract: Coal ash fusion temperature is important for large-scale gasifier/boiler designers and operators. There has been a big error for fusion temperature calculated by chemical composition of coal ash because the ash is composed of minerals actually, which has a strong impact on fusion temperature. A new calculation method, based on chemical composition and low temperature eutectics of minerals being considered, is proposed, according to 59 typical coal samples from the central and western regions in China. The most predictive values are not far from preciseness with a mean error lower than 5%, when the calculation is employed to 108 coal samples. Meanwhile, a roughly sufficient judgment to identify the ash fusion temperature greater than 1 500℃ is suggested by formula, which is 0.9≤SiO₂/A1₂O₃≤1.8 and SiO₂+A1₂O₃≥78% with accuracy of 92.2% among 167 coal samples.
- low temperature eutectic /
- ash fusion temperature /
- chemical composition /
- mineral composition

HTML全文

图 1 共熔物LTECa1含量对煤灰熔融温度的影响

LTECa1: low temperature eutectic SiO₂:Al₂O₃:CaO=4.3:1:1.6

Figure 1 Effect of low temperature eutectic LTECa1 on coal ash fusion temperature

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图 2 共熔物LTECa2含量对煤灰熔融温度的影响

LTECa2: low temperature eutectic SiO₂:Al₂O₃:CaO=2.1:1:1.9

Figure 2 Effect of low temperature eutectic LTECa2 on coal ash fusion temperature

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图 3 共熔物LTEFe含量对煤灰熔融温度的影响

LTECa1: low temperature eutectic SiO₂:Al₂O₃:CaO=2.7:1:3.2

Figure 3 Effect of low temperature eutectic LTEFe on coal ash fusion temperature

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图 4 不同灰样在变形温度下的XRD衍射谱图

1: silicon oxide; 2: lime; 3: iron (Ⅲ) oxide; 4: gehlenite; 5: rankinite; 6: calcium sulphate; 7: wollastonite; 8: potassium iron oxide; 9: sanidine; 10: anorthite; 11: mullite; 12: sillimanite (a): Yulin ash; (b): Qixian ash; (c): Yima ash; (d): Mianchi ash

Figure 4 XRD patterns of different ashes at deformation temperatures

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图 5 形成LTECa1时CaO^#+MgO+Na₂O+K₂O对煤灰熔融温度的影响

CaO^#: the rest CaO after composing low temperature eutectic LTECa1

Figure 5 Effect of CaO^#+MgO+Na₂O+K₂O of low temperature eutectic LTECa1 on coal ash fusion temperature

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图 6 形成LTECa2时CaO^#+MgO+Na₂O+K₂O含量对煤灰熔融温度的影响

CaO^#: the rest CaO after composing low temperature eutectic LTECa2

Figure 6 Effect of CaO^#+MgO+Na₂O+K₂O of low temperature eutectic LTECa2 on coal ash fusion temperature

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图 7 形成LTEFe时FeO^#+CaO+MgO+Na₂O+K₂O含量对煤灰熔融温度的影响

FeO^#: the rest FeO after composing low temperature eutectic LTEFe

Figure 7 Effect of FeO^#+CaO+MgO+Na₂O+K₂O of low temperature eutectic LTEFe on coal ash fusion temperature

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图 8 预测值与实验值的比较

○: author; ▲: chen

Figure 8 Comparison of predicted values from author with that from Chen about coal ash soft temperature

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图 9 软化温度高于1 500 ℃煤灰的SiO₂/A1₂O₃ & SiO₂+A1₂O₃值

◇: SiO₂/Al₂O₃；●: SiO₂+Al₂O₃

Figure 9 Values of SiO₂/A1₂O₃ & SiO₂+A1₂O₃ for the ash with soft temperature higher than 1 500 ℃

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图 10 煤样的SiO₂/A1₂O₃ & SiO₂+A1₂O₃值分布

◇: ST < 1 500 ℃；●: ST=1 500 ℃

Figure 10 Values of SiO₂/A1₂O₃ & SiO₂+A1₂O₃ for 167 coal samples

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表 1 煤样的煤灰化学组成

Table 1 Chemical composition range of coal ash

Coal source	Coal rank	Chemical composition range w/%
Coal source	Coal rank	SiO₂	A1₂O₃	CaO	FeO	KNaO
YM	long-flame coal；meager lean coal；anthracite	16-56	9-39	2-32	2-42	1.2-4.6
HN	coking coal；gas coal	39-52	29-45	1-10	2-13	0.7-2.5
ML	coking coal; non-caking coal	27-47	14-21	8-16	5-15	1.1-1.9
BD	gas coal, lignite, etc.	16-50	6-30	4-31	3-28	1.2-5.9

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表 2 煤灰中氧化物形成不同低温共熔物时化学组成分类

Table 2 New classification of chemical composition of coal ash at different low temperature eutectics

LTE^*	Variable 1	Variable 2	Variable 3	Variable 4	Variable 5
SiO₂:A1₂O₃:CaO 4.3:1:1.6	LTECa1	the residue of SiO₂	the residue of A1₂O₃	FeO	CaO+ MgO+ K₂O+Na₂O
SiO₂:A1₂O₃:CaO 2.09:1:1.91	LTECa2	the residue of SiO₂	the residue of A1₂O₃	FeO	CaO+ MgO+ K₂O+Na₂O
SiO₂:A1₂O₃:FeO 2.66:1:3.24	LTEFe	the residue of SiO₂	the residue of A1₂O₃		CaO+Fe₂O₃+MgO +K₂O+Na₂O
LTE^*: different low temperature eutectics

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表 3 煤灰中氧化物形成不同低温共熔物时各变量系数值

Table 3 Fitting values of variable coefficients in formula (3) at different low temperature eutectics

LTE^*	F.T.^*	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	cons.
SiO₂:A1₂O₃:CaO	DT	-1.47	-0.051	-5.30	3.37	-6.74	-17.02	0.46	1 551
4.3:1:1.6	ST	-2.85	-0.025	-3.06	4.26	-5.46	-16.80	0.50	1 525
SiO₂:A1₂O₃:CaO	DT	-0.75	0.000	-2.52	6.50	-3.86	-12.56	0.73	1 295
2.09:1:1.91	ST	-5.70	0.067	-1.50	6.10	-3.27	-15.52	0.86	1 388
SiO₂:A1₂O₃:FeO	DT	-6.81	0.027	-4.58	3.04	0.00	-19.01	0.36	1 627
2.66:1:3.24	ST	-4.50	0.007	-3.03	3.86	0.00	-26.80	0.51	1 648
LTE^: different low temperature eutectics; F.T.^: coal ash fusion temperature

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