解耦双回路气化系统中生物质催化水蒸气气化制富氢气体

肖亚辉; 刘勇; 乔聪震; 徐绍平

解耦双回路气化系统中生物质催化水蒸气气化制富氢气体

1.
河南大学化学化工学院河南省废弃物资源能源化工程技术研究中心, 河南开封 475004
2.
大连理工大学化工学院精细化工国家重点实验室, 辽宁大连 116024

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 50776013

国家自然科学基金 21676072

河南省高等学校重点科研项目 20A530002

详细信息

中图分类号: TK6
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- 文章访问数: 206
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-09
- 修回日期: 2019-10-21
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-23
- 刊出日期: 2019-12-10

Hydrogen-rich gas production from catalytic steam gasification of biomass in a decoupled dual loop gasification system

1.
Henan Engineering Research Center of Resource & Energy Recovery from Waste, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

Funds:

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 50776013

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21676072

the Key Scientific Research Projects for Higher Education of Henan Province 20A530002

More Information

Corresponding author: XIAO Ya-hui, E-mail: yahuixiao1987@163.com

摘要

摘要: 为强化生物质气化过程中焦油转化和氢气富集，提出了一种新型解耦双回路气化系统（DDLG）。该气化系统将气化过程解耦为燃料气化、焦油重整和半焦燃烧三个子过程，分别发生于三个独立的反应器，即气化反应器、重整反应器和燃烧反应器。其中，气化反应器和重整反应器并行布置，分别与燃烧反应器相连，形成两个平行的且可独立控制的双循环回路。以松木屑为原料及兼作为原位焦油重整催化剂的煅烧橄榄石为循环固体热载体，考察了反应条件对DDLG中松木屑气化性能的影响。结果表明，重整反应器从气化反应器中解耦，并辅以橄榄石催化剂，可实现焦油高效转化脱除。如气化反应器700 ℃、重整反应器850 ℃和水蒸气与原料中碳的质量比（S/C）1.2反应条件下，产品气中焦油含量降低至13.9 g/m³，气体产率和H₂分别达到1.0 m³/kg，和38.8%。
- 生物质气化 /
- 解耦 /
- 焦油脱除 /
- 富氢气体
Abstract: In order to strengthen tar destruction and hydrogen-rich gas production in the biomass gasification, a novel decoupled dual loop gasification (DDLG) system was proposed. The system decouples gasification process into fuel gasification, tar reforming and residual char combustion, which occur in three independent reactors, i.e. gasifier, reformer and combustor. Both the gasifier and the reformer are separately interconnected with the combustor, forming two circulation loops in parallel. With pine sawdust as feedstock, and calcined olivine as both solid heat carriers and in-situ tar destruction catalyst, the performance of biomass gasification was investigated. The results indicate that the reforming after the gasifier and the presence of olivine catalyst greatly improve the tar destruction. Specifically, at the gasifier temperature of 700 ℃, the reformer temperature of 850 ℃ and the steam to carbon mass ratio (S/C) of 1.2, the tar content in product gas decreases to 13.9 g/m³, and the dry gas yield and H₂ concentration reach 1.0 m³/kg, and 38.8%, respectively.
- biomass gasification /
- decouple /
- tar removal /
- hydrogen-rich gas

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图 1 解耦双回路气化系统原理示意图

Figure 1 Principle schematic of DDLG

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图 2 解耦双回路气化系统实验室规模装置示意图

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of DDLG facility

1: air compressor; 2: gas flow meter; 3: air pre-heater; 4: pre-fluidizer; 5: riser combustor; 6: cyclone; 7: screw conveyor; 8: gasifier; 9: reformer; 10: pipe bundle condenser; 11: condenser; 12: cotton wool filter; 13: needle valve; 14: surge flask; 15: vacuum pump; 16: gas meter; 17: three way valve; 18: silica gel filter; 19: gas holder; 20: venturi gas scrubber; 21: water tank; 22: circulating water pump; 23: rotary valve

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图 3 进料速率对松木屑气化性能的影响

Figure 3 Effect of feeding rate on gasification performance of pine sawdust

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图 4 气化反应器温度对松木屑气化性能的影响

Figure 4 Effect of gasifier temperature on gasification performance of pine sawdust

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图 5 重整反应器温度对松木屑气化性能的影响

Figure 5 Effect of reformer temperature on gasification performance of pine sawdust

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图 6 重整过程解耦对焦油族组成和产率的影响

Figure 6 Effect of decoupling of reforming on tar classes and yields from gasification of pine sawdust

(tar 1: tar from the gasifie; tar 2: tar from the reformer)

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图 7 床料对松木屑气化焦油族组成和产率的影响

Figure 7 Effect of bed materials on tar classes and yields for gasification of pine sawdust

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表 1 松木屑的工业分析和元素分析

Table 1 Proximate and ultimate analyses of pine sawdust

Proximate analysis w_ad/%				Ultimate analysis w_daf/%					Q_LHV/(MJ·kg^-1)
M	A	V	FC	C	H	O^a	N	S	Q_LHV/(MJ·kg^-1)
9.0	0.6	77.8	12.6	47.8	7.0	44.7	0.1	0.4	18.7
^a: by difference

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表 2 橄榄石XRF化学组成分析

Table 2 Chemical composition of olivine analyzed by XRF

Composition w/%
MgO	SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	Al₂O₃	Cr₂O₃	CaO	NiO
51.80	36.50	9.14	0.88	0.60	0.37	0.36

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表 3 解耦双回路气化系统操作参数

Table 3 Operating conditions of the DDLG

Gasificaton or reforming circulation ratio (C/F)	10
Bed height in the gasifier /mm	100
Residence time of solid in the gasifier t /min	20
Residence time of solid in the reformer t /min	40
Biomass feeding rate /(kg·h^-1)	0.2
Gasifier temperature t /℃	650-850
Reformer temperature t /℃	750-850
Combustor temperature t /℃	850
Gauge pressure in the gasifier p /Pa	0
Gauge pressure in the reformer p /Pa	(-100)-(-50)

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表 4 床料对松木屑气化性能的影响

Table 4 Effect of bed materials on gasification performance of pine sawdust

Bed materials	Silica sand	Olivine
Gasifier temperature t/℃	700	700
Reformer temperature t/℃	850	850
C/F	10	10
S/C	1.2	1.2
Dry gas composition /%
H₂	34.5	38.8
CO	20.8	15.8
CO₂	26.3	31.3
CH₄	13.4	11.1
C₂H₄	3.9	2.3
C₂H₆	0.8	0.6
C₃H₆	0.3	0.2
C₃H₈	< 0.1	< 0.1
H₂/CO ratio	1.7	2.5
Dry gas yield w/(m³·kg^-1)	0.8	1.0
Tar yield w/%	5.7	1.3
Tar content w/(g·m^-3)	77.1	13.9
Carbon conversion /%	59.6	70.3
Water conversion /%	0.1	6.0
Cold gas efficiency /%	64.5	70.5

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