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摘要: 煤焦油中酚类物质的有效分离，可实现其高附加值利用。针对酚类物质的分离，本研究采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为吸附剂，研究了其对模型油中邻甲酚、间甲酚、对甲酚、1-萘酚和2-萘酚等的吸附性能。研究发现，PVP对酚类物质具有较大的吸附容量，其中对间甲酚、对甲酚、1-萘酚和2-萘酚的最大吸附量均可达1000 mg/g以上。同时发现，PVP上的Lewis碱性位点（C=O和C-N）可与酚羟基之间形成氢键作用，该作用的强度受酚类物质空间位阻影响。PVP具有一定的吸附选择性，在苯并呋喃或喹啉存在下，依然能够有效吸附2-萘酚。此外，使用过的PVP可再生并重复利用，同时实现酚的回收。可见，PVP是一种可用于分离煤焦油中酚类物质的优良吸附剂。Abstract: Effective separation of phenols in coal tar is essential for enhancing its application value. In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as a sorbent in the separation of phenols in model oils; the adsorption performance of PVP towards o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, 1-naphthol, and 2-naphthol was then comparatively investigated. The results indicate that PVP possesses high adsorption capacity towards the phenols; the maximum adsorbance of PVP towards m-cresol, p-cresol, 1-naphthol, and 2-naphthol is higher than 1000 mg/g. For the adsorption of phenols on PVP, H-bonds are formed between the Lewis basic sites (C=O and N) of PVP and the phenolic -OH group and the H-bonding intensity is influenced by the steric hindrance of phenols. Furthermore, PVP shows high adsorption selectivity; 2-naphthol can be adsorbed effectively on PVP even in the presence of benzofuran or quinoline. Moreover, PVP can be regenerated for recycling where phenols are recovered as well. As a result, PVP is a promising sorbent for the separation of phenols from the coal tar oil.
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Key words:
- polyvinylpyrrolidone /
- coal tar /
- phenols /
- adsorption
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图 2 PVP吸附剂上不同酚类物质的脱除率与时间的关系
Figure 2 Relationship between removal rate and time for the adsorption cresols (a) and naphthols (b) on PVP
图 3 五种酚类化合物的吸附等温曲线
Figure 3 Adsorption isotherms of various phenolic compounds on PVP
(a): adsorption cresols; (b): naphthols
图 4 PVP上甲基酚在不同温度下的吸附等温曲线
Figure 4 Adsorption isotherms at different temperatures of various cresols on PVP
(a): o-cresol; (b): m-cresol; (c): p-cresol
图 5 PVP上萘酚在不同温度下的吸附等温曲线
Figure 5 Adsorption isotherms at different temperatures of various naphthols on PVP
(a): 1-naphthol; (b): 2-naphthol
图 6 PVP与2-萘酚的作用机理
Figure 6 Potential mechanism for the adsorption of 2-naphthol on PVP
图 8 PVP、2-萘酚、PVP+2-萘酚的红外光谱谱图
Figure 8 FT-IR spectra of PVP, 2-naphthol, and PVP+2-naphthol
图 9 干扰试剂对2-萘酚的吸附性能的影响
Figure 9 Effect of interfering reagents on the adsorption properties of 2-naphthol on PVP
图 10 PVP的重复利用和2-萘酚回收率
Figure 10 Regeneration and recycling of spent PVP adsorbent and the recovering of 2-naphthol
表 1 酚类物质的吸附等温线模型参数
Table 1 Adsorption isotherm model parameters of various phenols on PVP
Phenol Langmuir Freundlich Qm b R2 KF 1/n R2 o-cresol 892 1.74×10-4 0.995 9.865 0.429 0.940 m-cresol 1437 5.12×10-5 0.996 2.012 0.591 0.983 p-cresol 1334 7.85×10-5 0.986 2.863 0.572 0.980 1-naphthol 1122 2.06×10-4 0.996 9.983 0.463 0.928 2-naphthol 1603 1.15×10-4 0.994 9.281 0.479 0.954 
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