Research progress of the influence of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals on coal thermal chemical conversion
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摘要: 对比阐述了AAEMs在煤炭热转化过程的影响与作用，论述了催化气化中炭结构转变、碱金属形态变化、催化剂失活等过程。AAEMs是催化气化的催化剂，是活性炭制备过程的造孔剂，也是高AAEMs煤利用过程的有害组分，同样也是煤灰提铝过程的焙烧活化剂。AAEMs与炭相互作用影响炭的表面结构，进而影响气化剂在炭表面的吸附与反应，而AAEMs与炭的相互作用也会影响AAEMs的挥发与释放，耦合催化气化与煤灰资源化利用可以有效降低催化剂回收成本。通过对比认识AAEMs在煤炭热转化中的影响与作用，以期为AAEMs作用下煤炭热转化过程提供新思路与方法。Abstract: In order to comprehensively understand the catalytic gasification process, the influence of AAEMs during coal thermal chemical conversion was compared and explained. The main issues related to the catalytic gasification, such as the transformation of carbon structure, the conversion of alkali metals, and the deactivation of catalysts were discussed. AAEMs can be used as the catalysts for catalytic gasification, the pore making additives for activated carbon preparation, the activating agents in the process of aluminum extraction from coal ash by roasting, but also be regarded as hazard elements for high AAEMs coal utilization. The interaction between AAEMs and carbon can affect the surface structure of carbon to favor the adsorption and reaction of gasification agent on the carbon surface. As the same time, the volatilization and release of AAEMs can not be escaped, but the catalyst recovery can be effectively promoted by coupling the catalytic gasification and the coal ash resource utilization. By understanding the effect of AAEMs on coal thermal chemical conversion, we can propose novel ideas and innovation techniques for coal thermal chemical conversion with AAEMs addition.
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图 1 AAEMs在催化气化、煤灰提铝和活性炭制备过程中的应用
Figure 1 Influence of AAEMs on catalytic gasification, alumina extraction from coal ash and activated carbon preparation
图 2 催化气化过程中AAEMs变化示意图
Figure 2 Sketch map of transformation behaviors of AAEMs during catalytic gasification
图 3 催化气化与高AAEMs煤利用中主要研究方向
Figure 3 Research subjects of catalytic gasification and high AAEMs utilization
图 4 钾盐与钠盐的饱和蒸气压随温度的变化
Figure 4 Saturated vapor pressure change of potassium salts and sodium salts with increasing temperature
图 5 碱金属Na盐与煤焦边缘碳结合示意图
Figure 5 Sketch map of Na connecting with edge carbon of coal char
图 6 K2CO3催化气化过程中间产物转化[18]
Figure 6 Transformation of intermediate during K2CO3 catalytic gasification
图 7 催化气化与活性炭制备过程的示意图
Figure 7 Sketch map of catalytic gasification and activated carbon preparation
图 9 煤焦气化过程Na形成的沟槽结构[29]
Figure 9 Formation of channeling structure by Na during catalytic gasification
图 10 催化气化耦合氧化铝提取过程中的主要关键问题
Figure 10 Key points of catalytic gasification coupled with alumina extraction
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