Study on effect of Shanxi high ash content and ash fusion temperature coals on fluxing mechanism of limestone
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摘要: 以山西"两高"煤为研究对象，考察了洗选改变灰分对添加助熔剂CaCO3的影响。研究发现，随着洗煤灰分的降低，煤灰中二氧化硅含量及硅铝比（Si/Al）降低，煤灰流动温度降低至液态排渣气流床气化所需温度时，CaCO3的添加比例与洗煤高温下生成的矿物质种类及其含量相关，经过洗选降低灰分后的FH与SH洗煤，通过添加一定比例的助熔剂CaCO3，高温下煤灰渣类型由结晶渣变为玻璃体渣，排渣温度范围宽，能够很好地满足气流床气化液态排渣的要求，洗选与添加CaCO3助熔剂配合使用的方式，可以有效调控山西"两高"煤灰流动性质。Abstract: The floated coal samples with different ash contents were obtained by coal washing, and the effect of ash content on addition of fluxing CaCO3 was investigated. The results show that silica content and silicon to aluminum ratio (Si/Al) of ash decrease with decreasing ash content. The AFTs of coal ashes change with increasing CaCO3 addition. The additive CaCO3 content is closely related to the mineral formed at high temperatures and their contents. Furthermore, for the FH and SH coals after floatation, the viscosity of slag with CaCO3 addition exhibits a behavior of glass slag, and also has a large slagging temperature range. The properties of the floated coal ash slags with CaCO3 addition well meet the requirement of slag tapping in entrained flow gasifier. It is an effective way for Shanxi high ash content and ash fusion temperature coals to combine coal washing and CaCO3 adding to adjust the ash flow properties in entrained flow gasification.
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图 1 不同密度级氯化锌重液浮选后浮煤的灰分
Figure 1 Ash content of floated coal with different density of ZnCl2 solutions
图 2 洗选对FH和SH煤灰中SiO2含量及Si/Al的影响
Figure 2 Effect of floatation on the SiO2 content and Si/Al of different ashes
图 4 不同灰分FH洗煤加入1% CaCO3高温下的矿物质组成
Figure 4 Minerals of FH coal ashes with 1% CaCO3 at high temperatures
图 5 不同灰分FH洗煤添加1% CaCO3后1 400 ℃矿物质组成
：slag; ：mullite
Figure 5 Minerals of FH coal ashes with 1% CaCO3 at 1 400 ℃
图 6 CaCO3对SH煤灰流动温度的影响
—■—25.25%; —●—18.80%; —▲—12.40%; —▼—8.73%
Figure 6 Effect of CaCO3 on flow temperature of SH coal ashes
图 7 不同灰分SH洗煤加入1.5% CaCO3高温下的矿物质组成
Figure 7 Minerals of SH coal ashes with 1.5% CaCO3 at high temperatures
图 8 不同灰分SH洗煤添加1.5% CaCO3后1 400 ℃矿物质组成
：salg; ：anorthite; ：mullite
Figure 8 Minerals of SH coal ashes with1.5% CaCO3 at 1 400 ℃
图 9 FH洗煤(Ad=11.56%)添加1.5%CaCO3前后的灰黏温曲线及固相含量
Figure 9 Viscosity-temperature curves and solid mass of FH coal before and after adding CaCO3 (a)before adding CaCO3; (b)after adding 1.5% CaCO3
图 10 SH洗煤(Ad =25.25%)添加2%CaCO3前后的灰黏温曲线及固相含量
Figure 10 Viscosity-temperature curves and solid mass of SH coal before and after adding CaCO3 (a)before adding CaCO3; (b)after adding 2% CaCO3
表 1 煤样的工业分析和元素分析
Table 1 Proximate and ultimate analysis of coals
Sample Proximate analysis wad/% Ultimate analysis wad/% M A V FC C H O* N St FH 3.72 31.72 5.61 58.95 54.27 1.96 3.78 0.66 3.89 SH 3.60 41.67 5.54 49.19 47.49 1.81 3.20 0.54 1.69 O*: by diffidence; St: total sulfur 
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表 2 煤样的灰成分分析
Table 2 Chemical compositions of coal ashes
Sample Content w/% Si/Al SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 K2O Na2O FH 52.37 26.45 13.21 2.69 0.63 1.13 1.37 0.71 1.98 SH 56.88 29.92 5.35 2.70 0.66 0.78 1.49 0.86 1.90
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表 3 煤样的灰熔融性特征温度
Table 3 Coal ash fusion temperatures
Sample Temperature t/℃ DT ST HT FT FH 1 347 1 384 1 398 1 421 SH 1 480 1 517 1 528 1 542 DT: deformation temperature; ST: sphere temperature;
HT: hemisphere temperature; FT: flow temperature
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