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长治煤与生物质混合灰熔融特性研究

马修卫 李风海 马名杰 房倚天

马修卫, 李风海, 马名杰, 房倚天. 长治煤与生物质混合灰熔融特性研究[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2018, 46(2): 129-137.
引用本文: 马修卫, 李风海, 马名杰, 房倚天. 长治煤与生物质混合灰熔融特性研究[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2018, 46(2): 129-137.
MA Xiu-wei, LI Feng-hai, MA Ming-jie, FANG Yi-tian. Fusion characteristics of blended ash from Changzhi coal and biomass[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2018, 46(2): 129-137.
Citation: MA Xiu-wei, LI Feng-hai, MA Ming-jie, FANG Yi-tian. Fusion characteristics of blended ash from Changzhi coal and biomass[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2018, 46(2): 129-137.

长治煤与生物质混合灰熔融特性研究

基金项目: 

山东省自然科学基金 ZR2014BM014

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项 XDA07050103

山西省青年自然科学基金 Y5SJ1A1121

详细信息
  • 中图分类号: TQ531.9

Fusion characteristics of blended ash from Changzhi coal and biomass

Funds: 

the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2014BM014

Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences XDA07050103

Youth Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province Y5SJ1A1121

More Information
    Corresponding author: LI Feng-hai, Tel: 0530-5668162, E-mail: hzlfh@163.com
  • 摘要: 采用灰熔点测定仪、X射线荧光仪、X射线衍射仪和FactSage软件相结合对生物质(花生壳、稻壳)与高灰熔点长治煤混合灰的熔融特性及其熔融机制进行了研究。结果表明,两种生物质灰都可以降低长治煤的灰熔融温度,花生壳灰助熔效果优于稻壳灰,这主要与它们的化学组成和赋存形态有关。低熔点长石类矿物(钙长石、钠长石)和白榴石的生成是花生壳与长治煤混合灰熔融温度降低的主要原因;长石类矿物的生成及其与SiO2结合生成的低温共熔物引起稻壳与长治煤混合灰熔融温度降低。热力学计算表明,在碱性氧化物Na2O、CaO、K2O存在时,SiO2和Al2O3优先与其反应生成低熔点硅铝酸盐,一定程度上抑制了高熔点莫来石矿物的生成,从而起到助熔作用。混合灰的熔融过程可以分为含钾矿物熔融和含钙矿物熔融两个阶段,两类矿物熔融顺序:含钾矿物先于含钙矿物。
  • 图  1  生物质灰添加量对长治煤混合灰熔融温度的影响

    Figure  1  Effect of biomass ash ratio on CZ ash fusion temperatures

    (a): PH ash; (b): RH ash

    图  2  纯原料灰的XRD谱图

    Figure  2  XRD patterns of pure ash

    (a): four pure ashes at 575 ℃; (b): CZ ash at different temperatures
    1: quartz(SiO2); 2: anhydrite(CaSO4); 3: hematite(Fe2O3); 4: calcite(CaCO3); 5: metakaolin(Al2Si2O7); 6: arcanite(K2SO4); 7: fairchildite(K2Ca(CO3)2); 8: sylvite (KCl); 9: mullite(Al6Si2O13); 10: gehlenite(Ca2Al2SiO7); 11: cristobalite(SiO2); 12: anorthite(CaAl2Si2O8)

    图  3  不同生物质灰配比下混合灰在1100 ℃下的XRD谱图

    Figure  3  XRD patterns of mixed ashes with different biomass ash ratio at 1100 ℃

    (a): PH ash; (b): RH ash
    1: mullite(Al6Si2O13); 2: gehlenite(Ca2Al2SiO7); 3: cristobalite(SiO2); 4: anorthite(CaAl2Si2O8); 5: albite(NaAlSi3O8); 6: quartz(SiO2); 7: leucite(KAlSi2O6); 8: albite, K-rich(K0.2Na0.8)AlSi3O8

    图  4  添加花生壳灰的混合灰在不同温度下矿物质和液相组成

    Figure  4  Compositions of mineral and slag of mixed ash with PH ash addition

    (a), (b): 20%; (c), (d): 40%

    图  5  添加稻壳灰的混合灰在不同温度下矿物质和液相组成

    Figure  5  Compositions of mineral and slag of mixed ash with RH ash addition

    (a), (b): 20%; (c), (d): 40%

    表  1  煤和生物质的工业分析与元素分析

    Table  1  Proximate and ultimate analyses of coal and biomasses

    Sample Proximate analysis wad/% Ultimate analysis wdaf/%
    M A V FC C H Oa Sb N
    CZ 1.46 18.03 9.72 70.79 86.20 3.08 2.62 3.96 4.14
    PH 3.08 7.18 69.48 20.26 70.86 6.95 20.99 1.07 0.13
    RH 2.21 10.12 62.03 25.64 60.46 7.22 32.15 0.10 0.07
    a: calculated by difference; b: total sulfur
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  煤和生物质的灰成分分析

    Table  2  Chemical compositions of coal and biomass ashes

    Sample Content w/%
    SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 K2O Na2O TiO2 P2O5 Cl
    CZ 48.32 35.20 4.03 5.78 1.59 1.3 1.24 0.31 1.39 0.84 -
    PH 30.22 8.45 3.63 15.78 4.31 1.98 24.13 5.60 0.35 3.37 2.18
    RH 69.30 2.00 1.29 8.11 1.53 0.40 10.76 2.06 0.43 1.01 3.11
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  煤与生物质灰熔融特征温度

    Table  3  Ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) of coal and biomasses

    Sample Temperature t/℃
    DT ST HT FT
    CZ >1500 >1500 >1500 >1500
    PH 1098 1124 1162 1173
    RH 1210 1256 1290 1312
    DT: deformation temperature; ST: softening temperature; HT: hemispherical temperature; FT: fluid temperature
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2017-08-21
  • 修回日期:  2017-12-11
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-01-23
  • 刊出日期:  2018-02-10

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