Study on effect of furfural residue addition on fusion characteristics of gasification coal ash
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摘要: 本研究选择一种典型糠醛渣和两种硅铝比（Si/Al)不同的气化煤，考察配入糠醛渣对两种气化煤灰熔融温度的影响，利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析了不同温度下灰渣的矿物质变化规律，采用热力学计算软件FactSage计算了平衡状态下的物相变化。研究结果表明，随着糠醛渣配比的增加，两种气化煤灰的熔融温度均呈现先增加后降低的趋势，其中，高硅铝比的气化煤灰增加趋势更显著。配入糠醛渣后气化灰渣难熔相由钙长石（CaAl2Si2O8）变为白榴石（KAlSi2O6），白榴石（KAlSi2O6）在1300 ℃仍以固相形式存在，导致灰熔融温度升高。硅铝比高的气化煤灰的SiO2相对含量高，其与糠醛渣中的K2O反应生成更多高熔点的白榴石（KAlSi2O6），导致其熔融温度升高趋势更显著。随着糠醛渣配比的继续增加，共气化灰渣中K2O含量增加，灰渣中形成低熔点的钾霞石（KAlSiO4），降低了灰熔融温度。Abstract: The co-gasification of furfural residue with coal is a feasible way to realize its clean and efficient utilization, but there is a high content of alkaline components in the furfural residue ash. Therefore, the effect of furfural residue addition on the fusion temperature of gasification coal ash was investigated, in which a typical furfural residue and two gasification coals with different ratios of silicon to aluminum (Si/Al) were selected. X-ray diffraction instrument (XRD) was used to measure the mineral evolution of co-gasification ash at different temperatures. The phase change in equilibrium state was calculated by the software FactSage. The results show that with the increase in furfural residue addition ratio, the fusion temperatures of both gasification coal ashes first increase and then decrease, while the increase trend of fusion temperatures for the coal with a high Si/Al ratio is more significant. When the furfural residue is added, the resulting high melting point mineral of gasification slag is changed from anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) to leucite (KAlSi2O6) that is still present as a solid phase at 1300 ℃, resulting in an increase of AFTs. The coal ash with more amount of SiO2 can react with K2O to produce more leucite (KAlSi2O6) with a higher fusion point, thus causing the ash fusion temperatures to rise. However, as the ratio of furfural residue addition continues to increase, the ash fusion temperatures decrease, which is attributed to the formation of kaliophilite (KAlSiO4) with a low fusion point that is generated in the presence of higher content of K2O.
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Key words:
- furfural residue /
- coal gasification /
- fusion temperatures /
- minerals
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图 1 SA和其配入50%BA后灰样在不同温度下的外观形貌
Figure 1 Ash morphology of SA and the SA with 50% BA at different temperatures(a): SA; (b): SA blended with 50% BA
图 2 QA和其配入50%BA后灰样在不同温度下的外观形貌
Figure 2 Ash morphology of QA and the QA with 50% BA at different temperatures(a): QA; (b): QA blended with 50% BA
(a): QA; (b): QA blended with 50% BA
图 3 气化煤灰的熔融温度随糠醛渣灰BA配比的变化
Figure 3 Variation of gasification coal ash fusion temperatures with the addition ratio of BA ash (a): SA; (b): QA
图 5 BA样品在不同温度下的XRD谱图
Figure 5 XRD patterns of BA slag at different temperatures (1: SiO2; 2: K2SO4; 3: CaSiO3; 4: KAlSiO4)
图 6 不同BA配比的SA灰渣1100 ℃时的XRD谱图
Figure 6 XRD patterns of SA slag and its blending slag with different BA ratios at 1100 ℃（1: SiO2; 3: CaSiO3; 4: KAlSiO4; 5: FeSiO3; 6: CaAl2Si2O8; 7: Ca2Al2SiO7; 8: KAlSi2O6）
图 7 不同BA配比的SA灰渣1200 ℃的XRD谱图
Figure 7 XRD patterns of SA slag and its blending slag with different BA ratios at 1200 ℃ （3: CaSiO3; 6: CaAl2Si2O8; 8: KAlSi2O6; 9: CaAl2SiO7）
图 8 不同BA配比的QA灰渣1100 ℃的XRD谱图
Figure 8 XRD patterns of QA slag and its blending slag with different BA ratios at 1100 ℃（1: SiO2; 3: CaSiO3; 4: KAlSiO4; 5: FeSiO3; 6: CaAl2Si2O8; 7: Ca2Al2SiO7; 8: KAlSi2O6）
图 9 不同BA配比的QA灰渣1200 ℃的XRD谱图
Figure 9 XRD patterns of QA slag and its blending slag with different BA ratios at 1200 ℃（3: CaSiO3; 4: KAlSiO4; 5: FeSiO3; 6: CaAl2Si2O8; 7: Ca2Al2SiO7; 8: KAlSi2O6）
图 10 SA与BA混合灰的物相变化
Figure 10 Mineral transformation of SA and BA blending ash
(a): SA; (b): 30%BA + 70%SA; (c): 90%BA + 10%SA; (d): BA
图 11 QA与BA混合灰的物相变化
Figure 11 Mineral transformation of QA and BA blending ash
(a): QA; (b): 30%BA + 70%QA; (c): 90%BA + 10%QA
图 12 SiO2-Al2O3-K2O的三元组分相图
Figure 12 Ternary equilibrium phase diagram for SiO2-Al2O3-K2O
表 1 煤与糠醛渣的灰成分分析
Table 1 Chemical compositions of coal and furfural residue ash
Sample Content w/% SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO TiO2 SO3 K2O Na2O P2O5 SA 43.85 14.47 12.30 19.20 1.27 0.62 4.88 1.49 1.70 0.24 QA 41.10 19.56 10.31 18.53 1.87 0.82 2.10 1.05 3.34 0.40 BA 24.49 4.73 3.49 3.89 2.96 0.25 20.87 30.52 3.09 4.53 
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表 2 煤与糠醛渣的灰熔融温度
Table 2 Ash fusion temperatures of coal and furfural residue
Sample Temperature t/℃ DT ST HT FT SA 1103 1128 1136 1156 QA 1108 1124 1151 1194 BA 1115 1144 1177 1237
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