Ti掺杂CeO<sub>2</sub>纳米片负载Pd催化剂催化醇类氧化：界面位点的催化作用

雷丽军; 范薇; 侯封校; 王月清; 孙川; 张翼

doi:10.1016/S1872-5813(23)60375-5

Ti掺杂CeO₂纳米片负载Pd催化剂催化醇类氧化：界面位点的催化作用

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(23)60375-5

雷丽军^1, ,,
范薇^1,,
侯封校^1,,
王月清^1,,
孙川^2,,
张翼^1,

1.
中北大学能源与动力工程学院山西太原 030051
2.
山东京博石油化工有限公司山东滨州 256500

基金项目: 山西省基础研究计划（202103021223178，202103021224217）资助

详细信息

通讯作者:
Tel: 0351-3569476, E-mail: leiljspur@163.com

中图分类号: O643
计量
- 文章访问数: 175
- HTML全文浏览量: 55
- PDF下载量: 58
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-16
- 修回日期: 2023-06-13
- 录用日期: 2023-06-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-06-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-01

Ti doped CeO₂ nanosheets supported Pd catalyst for alcohol oxidation: Catalysis of interfacial sites

LEI Li-jun^{1
, ,},
FAN Wei^1
,,
HOU Feng-xiao^1
,,
WANG Yue-qing^1
,,
SUN Chuan^2
,,
ZHANG Yi^1
,

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2.
Shandong Chambroad Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. Binzhou 256500, China

Funds: The project was supported by the Funded Project of Shanxi Basic Research Program (202103021223178, 202103021224217)

摘要

摘要: 本研究通过Ti掺杂以及改变Ti的掺杂量可控制备了表面氧空位浓度不同的CeO₂纳米片，将其作为载体负载Pd物种后研究其醇类氧化性能。X射线光电子能谱、拉曼光谱以及X射线吸收谱的表征结果显示，CeO₂表面氧空位浓度和Pd^{2 +}的比例正向相关。醇类氧化评价结果和构效关系研究显示，Pd^{2 +}比例和表面的Ce^{3 +}浓度分别与苯甲醇氧化反应的TOF值之间存在较好的线性关系，Pd与CeO₂形成的界面位点（Pd–O–Ce）是这类醇氧化催化剂的主要催化位点。本研究有助于认识金属和氧化物载体界面位点的催化作用，从而开发更好的醇氧化催化剂。
- Pd/CeO₂ /
- 界面催化位点 /
- 二氧化铈纳米片 /
- 氧空位 /
- 醇类氧化
Abstract: The oxidation of alcohols is a significant chemical reaction, and the efficient oxidation of alcohols over heterogeneous catalysts using oxygen as oxidant has attracted much attention in recent years. Among them, Pd/CeO₂ exhibits excellent alcohol oxidation performance. However, the structure-activity relationship between the catalyst’s structure and its catalytic performance for alcohol oxidation is still not clearly understood. This study involved the preparation of CeO₂ nanosheets with different concentrations of surface oxygen vacancies (Ov) and their subsequent loading with Pd to explore their catalytic performance for alcohol oxidation. The findings obtained through XPS, Raman, and XAS indicated a positive correlation between the surface Ov concentration of CeO₂ as well as the ratio of Pd²⁺ fraction. The alcohol oxidation results and structure-performance relationship studies showed that there was a good linear relationship between the Pd²⁺ ratio as well as the surface Ce³⁺ concentration and the TOF of benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction, respectively. And the interfacial site (Pd–O–Ce) formed by Pd and CeO₂ was the main catalytic site for this type of alcohol oxidation catalysts. This study contributes to the understanding of the catalytic role of interfacial sites in metal and oxide support for the development of better alcohol oxidation catalysts.
- Pd/CeO₂ /
- interfacial catalytic site /
- CeO₂ nanosheets /
- oxygen vacancies /
- alcohol oxidation

HTML全文

FIG. 2474. FIG. 2474.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 1 N-CeO₂（a）、N-Ti(2%)CeO₂（b）、N-Ti(5%)CeO₂（c）和N-Ti(12%)CeO₂（d）的扫描电镜照片；N-CeO₂（e）、N-Ti(2%)CeO₂（f）、N-Ti(5%)CeO₂（g）和N-Ti(12%)CeO₂（h）的透射电镜照片

Figure 1 SEM images of (a) N-CeO₂, (b) N-Ti(2%)CeO₂, (c) N-Ti(5%)CeO₂, and (d) N-Ti(12%)CeO₂; TEM images of (e) N-CeO₂, (f) N-Ti(2%)CeO₂, (g) N-Ti(5%)CeO₂, and (h) N-Ti(12%)CeO₂ Scale bars: ((a)–(d)): 500 nm, ((e)–(h)): 200 nm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Pd/N-CeO₂（a）、Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂（b）、Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂（c）和Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂（d）的透射电镜照片

Figure 2 HRTEM images of various Pd/CeO₂ catalysts: (a) Pd/N-CeO₂, (b) Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂, (c) Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂, and (d) Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂, scale bar 10 nm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同N-CeO₂和Pd/N-CeO₂催化剂的XRD谱图

Figure 3 XRD patterns of various N-CeO₂ and Pd/N-CeO₂ samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同Pd/N-CeO₂催化剂的Ce 3d XPS谱图

Figure 4 Ce 3d XPS spectra of various Pd/ N-CeO₂ catalysts (a): Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂; (b): Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂; (c): Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂; (d): Pd/N-CeO₂

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同Pd/N-CeO₂催化剂的拉曼（a）光谱谱图和Ce^{3 +}比例（b）柱状图

Figure 5 Raman spectra (a) and Ce^{3 +} ratio (b) of various Pd/N-CeO₂ catalysts

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同Pd/CeO₂催化剂的Pd 3d XPS谱图

Figure 6 Pd 3d XPS spectra of various Pd/CeO₂ catalysts (a): Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂; (b): Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂; (c): Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂; (d): Pd/N-CeO₂

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同Pd/N-CeO₂催化剂归一化的Pd的k边XANES谱图（a）和傅里叶变换的EXAFS谱图（b）

Figure 7 Normalized Pd-K edge XANES spectra (a), and Fourier transform magnitudes of the EXAFS spectra (b) of various Pd/ N-CeO₂ catalysts

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 苯甲醇转化率随反应时间的关系曲线（a），苯甲醇氧化反应的TOF值（b），TOF值t = 15 min测定

Figure 8 Conversion of benzyl alcohol over four Pd/N-CeO₂ catalysts with reaction time (a), TOFs estimated for the benzyl alcohol oxidation catalyzed by Pd/N-CeO₂ catalysts (b), determined at t = 15 min

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂和Pd/N-CeO₂催化剂动力学数据

Figure 9 Kinetic data for benzyl alcohol oxidation over Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂ and Pd/N-CeO₂ (a): reaction orders of benzyl alcohol; (b): Arrhenius plots for benzyl alcohol oxidation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂催化剂的苯甲醇氧化性能的时间关系曲线和热过滤评价

Figure 10 Evaluation of leaching of Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂ catalyst Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂ was removed from the system through filtration after reaction for 6 h (the red line)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂催化苯甲醇氧化反应的循环稳定性能

Figure 11 Evaluation of cyclic stability of Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂ for benzyl alcohol oxidation Reaction conditions: 10 mL deionized water, 6.0 mmol substrate, certain amount catalyst (the molar ratio of substrate/Pd was about 2000), 0.5 MPa O₂, 90 ℃ for 6 h

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂经过十次循环后的TEM照片（a）和XRD谱图（b）

Figure 12 TEM image (a) and XRD patterns (b) of fresh and used Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂ catalyst

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 Pd^{2 +}比例、Ce^{3 +}浓度与苯甲醇氧化反应的TOF值之间的构效关系

Figure 13 Structure-activity relationship between Pd^{2 +} proportion, Ce^{3 +} concentration and TOF of benzyl alcohol oxidation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 苯甲醇吸附在Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂上的红外光谱谱图

Figure 14 FT-IR spectra for the adsorption of benzyl alcohol on Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 N-CeO₂载体和Pd/N-CeO₂催化剂的物理化学性质

Table 1 Physicochemical properties of prepared N-CeO₂ and Pd/ N-CeO₂ samples

Entry	Sample	Pd loading^a w/%	Surface area^b/(m²·g^–1)	Crystal size^c /nm	Cell parameter^d /Å
1	N-CeO₂	−	76.5	7.6	5.447
2	N-Ti(2%)CeO₂	−	82.7	7.1	5.454
3	N-Ti(5%)CeO₂	−	87.1	6.7	5.466
4	N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	−	90.7	6.2	5.472
5	Pd/N-CeO₂	0.98	76.2	7.4	−
6	Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂	0.93	81.3	7.0	−
7	Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂	0.95	86.3	6.4	−
8	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	0.96	89.8	6.1	−
^a: Calculated as based on ICP-OES results; ^b: Obtained from N₂ adsorption and desorption; ^c: Estimated from the broadening of CeO₂ (111), (200), (220), and (113) diffraction peaks by using the Scherrer formula from the XRD patterns of corresponding CeO₂ samples and catalysts; ^d: Calculated from the CeO₂ planes (111), (200), (220), and (113) by the MDI Jade software

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同Pd/N-CeO₂的Pd的K边EXAFS拟合数据

Table 2 Results of Pd K-edge EXAFS spectra fitted for various Pd/N-CeO₂

Sample	Shell	CN	N_total	R /Å	∆E /eV	σ² /Å²	R-factor
Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	Pd–O	2.2 (±0.3)	3.3	1.99 (±0.02)	5.38	0.005	0.0173
Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	Pd–Pd	0.9 (±0.4)	3.3	2.71 (±0.03)	0.14	0.002	0.0173
Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂	Pd–O	1.9 (±0.2)	4.0	1.99 (±0.02)	8.21	0.004	0.0062
Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂	Pd–Pd	2.0 (±0.3)	4.0	2.72 (±0.02)	0.05	0.003	0.0062
Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂	Pd–O	1.7 (±0.3)	4.2	2.00 (±0.04)	9.23	0.004	0.0084
Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂	Pd–Pd	2.3 (±0.3)	4.2	2.73 (±0.02)	0.16	0.003	0.0084
Pd/N-CeO₂	Pd–O	1.2 (±0.4)	4.6	2.02 (±0.03)	8.72	0.004	0.0043
Pd/N-CeO₂	Pd–Pd	3.5 (±0.2)	4.6	2.74 (±0.01)	0.19	0.003	0.0043
Note: CN, coordination number; ∆E, inner core correction; R, distances; σ², Debye-Waller Factor (Fit range 3 < k < 11; 1.2 < R < 3.2; number of independent points = 9.5)

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同催化剂在醇类氧化反应中的评价

Table 3 Performances of various catalysts in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols

Entry	Substrate	Catalyst	Conversion /%	Selectivity^e /%	TOF^f /h⁻¹	Carbon balance /%
1^a	Benzyl alcohol	N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	0.8	99.2	−	98.1
2^a	Benzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	98.6	98.4	480	97.5
3^a	Benzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(5%)CeO₂	81.3	97.6	265	99
4^a	Benzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(2%)CeO₂	60.7	95	153	98.3
5^a	Benzyl alcohol	Pd/N-CeO₂	46.7	93.7	90	97.8
6^a	p-Chlorobenzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	90.7	99.1	376	94.2
7^a	p-Nitrobenzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	84.2	98.5	309	95.6
8^a	o-Methylbenzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	99.3	98.1	513	96.4
9^a	p-Methylbenzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	98.9	97.2	498	98.7
10^a	p-Methoxylbenzyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	99.5	95.1	486	94.8
11^a	Cinnamyl alcohol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	96.7	99.6	457	98.5
12^b	Cyclohexanol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	87.5	97.1	235	94.6
13^c	Butanol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	81.4	90.1	164	95.3
14^d	Ethanol	Pd/N-Ti(12%)CeO₂	80.3	95.7	138	93.8
^a: Entries 1–11: 10 mL deionized water, 6.0 mmol substrate, certain amount catalyst (the molar ratio of substrate/Pd was about 2000), 0.5 MPa O₂, 90 ℃ for 24 h; ^b: Entries 12: 2.0 mmol cyclohexanol, the molar ratio of cyclohexanol/Pd was about 600, 90 ℃ for 36 h; ^c: Entries 13: 1.0 mmol butanol, the molar ratio of butanol/Pd was about 300, 90 ℃ for 40 h; ^d: Entries 14: 1.0 mmol ethanol, the molar ratio of ethanol/Pd was about 300, 90 ℃ for 40 h; ^e: The selectivity refers to corresponding acids for entries 12–14 and to the corresponding aldehydes for other entries; ^f: The TOF values based on the reaction for initial 15 min

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(28)

[1]	GUO Z, LIU B, ZHANG Q, DENG W, WANG Y, YANG Y. Recent advances in heterogeneous selective oxidation catalysis for sustainable chemistry[J]. Chem Soc Rev,2014,43:3480−3524. doi: 10.1039/c3cs60282f
[2]	NAJAFISHIRTARI S, FRIEDEL ORTEGA K, DOUTHWAITE M, PATTISSON S, HUTCHINGS G J, BONDUE C J, TSCHULIK K, WAFFEL D, PENG B, DEITERMANN M, BUSSER G W, MUHLER M, BEHRENS M. A perspective on heterogeneous catalysts for the selective oxidation of alcohols[J]. Chem - Eur J,2021,27:1−26. doi: 10.1002/chem.202004683
[3]	吴超龙, 喻敏, 姚小泉. 醇的选择性催化氧化研究进展[J]. 化工时刊,2017,31:27−35. WU Chao-long, YU Min, YAO Xiao-quan. Research progress in selective catalytic oxidation of alcohols[J]. Chem Ind Times,2017,31:27−35.
[4]	刘晓, 王涛, 张晨, 宋宪根, 宁丽丽, 丁云杰. Co(Ⅱ)-席夫碱配合物在水溶液中催化苯甲醇氧化制苯甲醛的研究[J]. 石油化工,2015,44:1467−1474. LIU Xiao, WANG Tao, ZHANG Chen, SONG Xian-gen, NING Li-li, DING Yun-jie. Aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde with Co(Ⅱ)-schiff base complex catalysts in aqueous solution[J]. Petrochem Technol,2015,44:1467−1474.
[5]	LEI L, WU Z, WANG R, QIN Z, CHEN C, LIU Y, WANG G, FAN W, WANG J. Controllable decoration of palladium sub-nanoclusters on reduced graphene oxide with superior catalytic performance in selective oxidation of alcohols[J]. Catal Sci Technol,2017,7:5650−5661. doi: 10.1039/C7CY01732D
[6]	LIU J, ZOU S, WANG H, XIAO L, ZHAO H, FAN J. Synergistic effect between Pt₀ and Bi₂O_3-x for efficient room-temperature alcohol oxidation under base-free aqueous conditions[J]. Catal Sci Technol,2017,7:1203−1210. doi: 10.1039/C6CY02596J
[7]	LI T, LIU F, TANG Y, LI L, MIAO S, SU Y, ZHANG J, HUANG J, SUN H, HARUTA M, WANG A, QIAO B, LI J, ZHANG T. Maximizing the number of interfacial sites in single-atom catalysts for the highly selective, solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols[J]. Angew Chem, Int Ed,2018,57:7795−7799. doi: 10.1002/anie.201803272
[8]	TAN H T, CHEN Y, ZHOU C, JIA X, ZHU J, CHEN J, RUI X, YAN Q, YANG Y. Palladium nanoparticles supported on manganese oxide-CNT composites for solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols: Tuning the properties of Pd active sites using MnO_x[J]. Appl Catal B: Environ,2012,119−120:166−174.
[9]	LIU J, ZOU S, WU J, KOBAYASHI H, ZHAO H, FAN J. Green catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol over Pt/ZnO in base-free aqueous medium at room temperature[J]. Chin J Catal,2018,39:1081−1089. doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(18)63022-0
[10]	ZHANG P, GONG Y, LI H, CHEN Z, WANG Y. Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons and alcohols with Pd@N-doped carbon from glucose[J]. Nat Commun,2013,4:1593−1603. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2586
[11]	LEI L, LIU H, WU Z, QIN Z, WANG G, MA J, LUO L, FAN W, WANG J. Aerobic oxidation of alcohols over isolated single Au atoms supported on CeO₂ nanorods: Catalysis of interfacial [O–Ov–Ce–O–Au] sites[J]. ACS Appl Nano Mater,2019,2:5214−5223. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.9b01091
[12]	ZHENG H, WEI Z H, HU X Q, XU J, XUE B. Atmospheric selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles supported on CeO₂ with various morphologies[J]. ChemistrySelect,2019,4:5470−5475. doi: 10.1002/slct.201900757
[13]	XIN P, LI J, XIONG Y, WU X, DONG J, CHEN W, WANG Y, GU L, LUO J, RONG H, CHEN C, PENG Q, WANG D, LI Y. Revealing the active species for aerobic alcohol oxidation by using uniform supported palladium catalysts[J]. Angew Chem, Int Ed,2018,57:4642−4646. doi: 10.1002/anie.201801103
[14]	OLMOS C M, CHINCHILLA L E, VILLA A, DELGADO J J, HUNGRíA A B, BLANCO G, PRATI L, CALVINO J J, CHEN X. Size, nanostructure, and composition dependence of bimetallic Au-Pd supported on ceria-zirconia mixed oxide catalysts for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol[J]. J Catal,2019,375:44−55. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.05.002
[15]	MIAO Z, WU T, LI J, YI T, ZHANG Y, YANG X. Aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) effectively catalyzed by a Ce_0.8Bi_0.2O_2-δ supported Pt catalyst at room temperature[J]. RSC Adv,2015,5:19823−19829. doi: 10.1039/C4RA16968A
[16]	LEI L, WU Z, LIU H, QIN Z, CHEN C, LUO L, WANG G, FAN W, WANG J. A facile method for the synthesis of graphene-like 2D metal oxides and their excellent catalytic application in the hydrogenation of nitroarenes[J]. J Mater Chem A,2018,6:9948−9961. doi: 10.1039/C8TA02338G
[17]	ZHANG S, CHANG C-R, HUANG Z-Q, LI J, WU Z, MA Y, ZHANG Z, WANG Y, QU Y. High catalytic activity and chemoselectivity of sub-nanometric Pd clusters on porous nanorods of CeO₂ for hydrogenation of nitroarenes[J]. J Am Chem Soc,2016,138:2629−2637. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b11413
[18]	INFANTES-MOLINA A, VILLANOVA A, TALON A, KOHAN M G, GRADONE A, MAZZARO R, MORANDI V, VOMIERO A, MORETTI E. Au-decorated Ce-Ti mixed oxides for efficient CO preferential photooxidation[J]. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2020,12:38019−38030. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c08258
[19]	GHORBANLOO M, NADA A A, EL-MAGHRABI H H, BEKHEET M F, RIEDEL W, DJAMEL B, VITER R, ROUALDES S, SOLIMAN F S, MOUSTAFA Y M, MIELE P, BECHELANY M. Superior efficiency of BN/Ce₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers for photocatalytic hydrogen generation reactions[J]. Appl Surf Sci,2022,594:153438−153451. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153438
[20]	LI S, ZHU H, QIN Z, WANG G, ZHANG Y, WU Z, LI Z, CHEN G, DONG W, WU Z, ZHENG L, ZHANG J, HU T, WANG J. Morphologic effects of nano CeO₂-TiO₂ on the performance of Au/CeO₂-TiO₂ catalysts in low-temperature CO oxidation[J]. Appl Catal B: Environ,2014,144:498−506. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.07.049
[21]	DUTTA P, PAL S, SEEHRA M S, SHI Y, EYRING E M, ERNST R D. Concentration of Ce^{3 +} and oxygen vacancies in cerium oxide nanoparticles[J]. Chem Mater,2006,18:5144−5146. doi: 10.1021/cm061580n
[22]	ESCH F, FABRIS S, ZHOU L, MONTINI T, AFRICH C, FORNASIERO P, COMELLI G, ROSEI R. Electron localization determines defect formation on ceria substrates[J]. Science,2005,309:752−755. doi: 10.1126/science.1111568
[23]	LAGUNA O H, SARRIA F R, CENTENO M A, ODRIOZOLA J A. Gold supported on metal-doped ceria catalysts (M = Zr, Zn and Fe) for the preferential oxidation of CO (PROX)[J]. J Catal,2010,276:360−370. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2010.09.027
[24]	WANG X, WU G, GUAN N, LI L. Supported Pd catalysts for solvent-free benzyl alcohol selective oxidation: Effects of calcination pretreatments and reconstruction of Pd sites[J]. Appl Catal B: Environ,2012,115−116:7−15. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.12.011
[25]	MILLER H A, LAVACCHI A, VIZZA F, MARELLI M, DI BENEDETTO F, D'ACAPITO F, PASKA Y, PAGE M, DEKEL D R. A Pd/C-CeO₂ Anode catalyst for high-performance platinum-free anion exchange membrane fuel cells[J]. Angew Chem, Int Ed,2016,55:6004−6007. doi: 10.1002/anie.201600647
[26]	WANG M, WANG F, MA J, LI M, ZHANG Z, WANG Y, ZHANG X, XU J. Investigations on the crystal plane effect of ceria on gold catalysis in the oxidative dehydrogenation of alcohols and amines in the liquid phase[J]. Chem Commun,2014,50:292−294. doi: 10.1039/C3CC46180G
[27]	MURAVEV V, SPEZZATI G, SU Y-Q, PARASTAEV A, CHIANG F-K, LONGO A, ESCUDERO C, KOSINOV N, HENSEN E J M. Interface dynamics of Pd-CeO₂ single-atom catalysts during CO oxidation[J]. Nat Catal,2021,4:469−478. doi: 10.1038/s41929-021-00621-1
[28]	WANG H, FAN W, HE Y, WANG J, KONDO J N, TATSUMI T. Selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes/ketones over copper oxide-supported gold catalysts[J]. J Catal,2013,299:10−19. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.11.018